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Hera S.p.A. (Holding Energia Risorse Ambiente) was the leading enterprise in the water management sector in Italy in 2022, with a revenue of approximately **** billion euros. Acea ato 2 S.p.A. followed in the ranking, as its revenues reached about *** million euros that year. By comparison, all other water supply and sanitation companies in the country had revenues below *** million euros. 

Regional-based water supply companies

Hera and Egea are both based in the center of Italy: while Hera is headquartered in Bologna and operates in the northeast and center of the country, Egea supplies water to Lazio, the region of Rome. In 2021, approximately ** percent of the turnover of the leading water supply companies in Italy was produced in the north of the country. In fact, the Po River, the springs, and wells located in this area accounted for almost ** percent of the water extracted in Italy because of the proximity to the Alps.

Irregularities in water supply in Italy

In 2022, almost ** percent of Italian families complained about irregularities in the water supply. In the islands and the south of the country, complaint rates were around ** percent. Not only were these macro-regions of Italy the most affected by water supply interruptions because of water shortages, but they also accounted for water loss rates of roughly ** percent of the total water supply, due to leakages.