Undercounts are expressed as negatives and overcounts are expressed as positives.
A low risk scenario is considered by the source to be a 2020 Census that would be carried out with the same level of success and accuracy as the 2010 Census and that demographics have changed as expected.
A medium risk scenario is considered to be if the 2020 Census is executed as planned by the U.S. Census Bureau using parameters from the 2020 Census Operational Plan and a response rate of 60.5 percent.
A high risk scenario is considered to be if the 2020 Census performs below expectations with a response rate of 55.5 percent and the inclusion of the citizenship question.
Citation formats
Projected percent undercount during U.S. Census by risk scenario and age 2019
This statistic shows the projected percent undercount during the 2020 U.S. Census in 2019, by risk scenario and age. In 2019, it is projected that in a medium risk scenario, the 2020 U.S. Census will undercount children aged four and under by **** percent, and will overcount people aged 50 and older by **** percent.
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Urban Institute. (June 4, 2019). Projected percent undercount during the 2020 U.S. Census in 2019, by risk scenario and age [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 16, 2026, from /statistics/1013112/projected-percent-undercount-us-census-risk-scenario-age/
Urban Institute. "Projected percent undercount during the 2020 U.S. Census in 2019, by risk scenario and age." Chart. June 4, 2019. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 16, 2026. /statistics/1013112/projected-percent-undercount-us-census-risk-scenario-age/
Urban Institute. (2019). Projected percent undercount during the 2020 U.S. Census in 2019, by risk scenario and age. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 16, 2026. /statistics/1013112/projected-percent-undercount-us-census-risk-scenario-age/
Urban Institute. "Projected Percent Undercount during The 2020 U.S. Census in 2019, by Risk Scenario and Age." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 4 Jun 2019, /statistics/1013112/projected-percent-undercount-us-census-risk-scenario-age/
Urban Institute, Projected percent undercount during the 2020 U.S. Census in 2019, by risk scenario and age ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1013112/projected-percent-undercount-us-census-risk-scenario-age/ (last visited July 16, 2026)
Projected percent undercount during the 2020 U.S. Census in 2019, by risk scenario and age [Graph], Urban Institute, June 4, 2019. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1013112/projected-percent-undercount-us-census-risk-scenario-age/
