Ivy League schools consistently spend millions of U.S. dollars on research and development projects each year. In 2021, the University of Pennsylvania spent the most on R&D out of the eight Ivy League schools, with **** billion U.S. dollars. Brown University spent the least on R&D, with * million U.S. dollars.
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NCSES. (February 5, 2023). Research and development expenditures of Ivy League schools in 2021 (in million U.S. dollars) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 21, 2026, from /statistics/942248/ivy-league-rnd-spending/
NCSES. "Research and development expenditures of Ivy League schools in 2021 (in million U.S. dollars)." Chart. February 5, 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 21, 2026. /statistics/942248/ivy-league-rnd-spending/
NCSES. (2023). Research and development expenditures of Ivy League schools in 2021 (in million U.S. dollars). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 21, 2026. /statistics/942248/ivy-league-rnd-spending/
NCSES. "Research and Development Expenditures of Ivy League Schools in 2021 (in Million U.S. Dollars)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 5 Feb 2023, /statistics/942248/ivy-league-rnd-spending/
NCSES, Research and development expenditures of Ivy League schools in 2021 (in million U.S. dollars) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/942248/ivy-league-rnd-spending/ (last visited July 21, 2026)
Research and development expenditures of Ivy League schools in 2021 (in million U.S. dollars) [Graph], NCSES, February 5, 2023. [Online]. Available: /statistics/942248/ivy-league-rnd-spending/
