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The year 2021 was prolific for European start-ups: ** of them became unicorns, meaning they were valued at more than * U.S. dollars. However, this number appears to have stagnated in 2022 and dropped significantly in the first half of 2023, according to source estimates.

A unicorn is a start-up less than 10 years old, not publicly traded, and valued at * U.S. dollars. There are ** in France, with the highest valued ones particularly represented in the E-Commerce sector, such as Black Market with *** billion U.S. dollars or Sorare with *** billion.
The number of unicorns has especially increased in the food delivery service and healthcare sectors, like Doctolib in France.

In terms of unicorn creation within European countries, France is tied with Germany but remains far behind the United Kingdom, which had ** unicorns in 2021.