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Values have been rounded.

Fairness in climate action depends on countries’ perspectives and interests, particularly considering their historical emissions and ability to act. To assess what’s fair, the Climate Action Tracker (CAT) reviewed over 40 studies, including those from the IPCC, that reflect different equity principles like historical responsibility, capacity, and equality. These studies help define a "fair share range" of emissions for each country. This range is built using a balanced approach to incorporate all major equity views and excludes outliers by focusing on the central 90% of estimates. The fair share range is then divided into ambition levels that correspond to global warming outcomes if all countries adopted similar levels of effort:

• Critically Insufficient: >4°C warming
• Highly Insufficient: 3–4°C
• Insufficient: <3°C 2°C
• Compatible: <2°C 1.5°C
• Compatible: ≤1.5°C

Some countries may need to cut emissions drastically—potentially below zero by 2030—to meet their fair share. If such cuts are not feasible domestically, they should compensate by supporting emissions reductions abroad, such as through climate finance.