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*Assumed. The following assumptions apply to the private dwelling estimates from March 2023, and will be reviewed after the next census data (or other information) is available:

• The building consent lag is assumed to be 12 months (up from the previous assumption of nine months). This reflects an increasing average length of time from building consent to dwelling completion. This twelve-month lag applies to both dwelling and household estimates from June 2018.
• A weighting factor of 0.92 is applied to building consents. This is the average intercensal weighting factor observed between the 1991 and 2023 Censuses. It implies that for every 100 building consents at the national level, a net 92 private dwellings will be completed (12 months after consent).
• The tenure proportion for owner-occupied decreases each quarter while the rented proportion increases. The quarterly change is the difference between the 2023 Census owner-occupied proportion and the average of the owner-occupied proportion from 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses divided over 20 quarters. Provided free is held constant at the 2023 Census level. These tenure proportions apply to both dwelling and household estimates from March 2023.

Private dwelling estimates are based on the census count of occupied private dwellings plus unoccupied dwellings from the 1991, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses. 

Private dwelling estimates by tenure are calculated by applying tenure proportions to the private dwelling estimates. The tenure proportions are based on census information on tenure of households in private occupied dwellings

Owner-occupied refers to dwellings owned by individuals or held in a family trust.

Provided free refers to dwellings provided free to households by individuals, private trusts, businesses, and government agencies.