Annual operating cost of long duration energy storage systems worldwide in 2023 with a forecast for 2030 and 2040, by technology
(in U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour electric)
Characteristic
LDES - Thermal*
LDES - Electrochemical
LDES - Mechanical
LDES - Chemical
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Thermal long duration energy storage technologies account for the smallest operating cost among LDES systems. The OPEX of mechanical LDES will decrease from ** to ** U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour electric between 2023 and 2040, approaching that of thermal LDES.Â
By 2040, thermal technologies are projected to account for the smallest LDES capital cost as well.Â
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LDES Council. (November 8, 2023). Annual operating cost of long duration energy storage systems worldwide in 2023 with a forecast for 2030 and 2040, by technology (in U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour electric) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 24, 2026, from /statistics/1463276/long-duration-energy-storage-operating-cost-by-type-worldwide-forecast/
LDES Council. "Annual operating cost of long duration energy storage systems worldwide in 2023 with a forecast for 2030 and 2040, by technology (in U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour electric)." Chart. November 8, 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 24, 2026. /statistics/1463276/long-duration-energy-storage-operating-cost-by-type-worldwide-forecast/
LDES Council. (2023). Annual operating cost of long duration energy storage systems worldwide in 2023 with a forecast for 2030 and 2040, by technology (in U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour electric). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 24, 2026. /statistics/1463276/long-duration-energy-storage-operating-cost-by-type-worldwide-forecast/
LDES Council. "Annual Operating Cost of Long Duration Energy Storage Systems Worldwide in 2023 with a Forecast for 2030 and 2040, by Technology (in U.S. Dollars per Kilowatt-hour Electric)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 8 Nov 2023, /statistics/1463276/long-duration-energy-storage-operating-cost-by-type-worldwide-forecast/
LDES Council, Annual operating cost of long duration energy storage systems worldwide in 2023 with a forecast for 2030 and 2040, by technology (in U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour electric) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1463276/long-duration-energy-storage-operating-cost-by-type-worldwide-forecast/ (last visited July 24, 2026)
Annual operating cost of long duration energy storage systems worldwide in 2023 with a forecast for 2030 and 2040, by technology (in U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour electric) [Graph], LDES Council, November 8, 2023. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1463276/long-duration-energy-storage-operating-cost-by-type-worldwide-forecast/
