Belgium, Europe, Estonia, France, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom
Survey time period
2019 to August 2021
Special properties
Pre-pademic: 2019; Pandemic: March 2021 to August 2021
Method of interview
Online survey
Supplementary notes
Prevalence estimates during the pandemic are pooled averages from national surveys until August 2021. Limited cross-country comparability arises due to variations in survey numbers and timings. Depression symptoms are assessed through PHQ-8 or PHQ-9, except in France and Estonia, where HADS-D is used, yielding lower estimates. Different scoring methods for pre-pandemic and pandemic data may potentially underestimate symptom increases.Â
Citation formats
Share of depression symptoms in European countries pre- & during COVID-19
Throughout the *** pandemic, the occurrence of depression symptoms during the pandemic roughly doubled compared to pre-pandemic levels in several European countries. While the United Kingdom had the highest share of individuals with depression symptoms during the pandemic, Norway experienced the biggest increase compared to the pre-pandemic period. This statistic depicts the share of people with symptoms of depression in selected European countries before and during the *** pandemic.
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OECD. (December 5, 2022). Share of people with symptoms of depression in selected European countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved August 03, 2026, from /statistics/1448837/share-of-people-with-depression-symptoms-in-european-countries-pre-and-during-covid-19/
OECD. "Share of people with symptoms of depression in selected European countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic." Chart. December 5, 2022. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed August 03, 2026. /statistics/1448837/share-of-people-with-depression-symptoms-in-european-countries-pre-and-during-covid-19/
OECD. (2022). Share of people with symptoms of depression in selected European countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: August 03, 2026. /statistics/1448837/share-of-people-with-depression-symptoms-in-european-countries-pre-and-during-covid-19/
OECD. "Share of People with Symptoms of Depression in Selected European Countries before and during The Covid-19 Pandemic." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 5 Dec 2022, /statistics/1448837/share-of-people-with-depression-symptoms-in-european-countries-pre-and-during-covid-19/
OECD, Share of people with symptoms of depression in selected European countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1448837/share-of-people-with-depression-symptoms-in-european-countries-pre-and-during-covid-19/ (last visited August 03, 2026)
Share of people with symptoms of depression in selected European countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic [Graph], OECD, December 5, 2022. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1448837/share-of-people-with-depression-symptoms-in-european-countries-pre-and-during-covid-19/
