Battery cell production emissions from a nickel-based lithium-ion battery in the United States as of first quarter of 2023, by material source and production stage
(in kgCOâ‚‚e per kilowatt-hour)
Characteristic
Active material production
Cell production
Raw material
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In the first quarter of 2023, the production of a battery cell using virgin raw materials had emissions of ** kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt-hour, with raw materials representing the largest share of these emissions. In contrast, raw materials represented the lowest share of emissions from battery cell production using recycled raw materials.
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McKinsey & Company. (March 13, 2023). Battery cell production emissions from a nickel-based lithium-ion battery in the United States as of first quarter of 2023, by material source and production stage (in kgCOâ‚‚e per kilowatt-hour) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 27, 2026, from /statistics/1427883/us-total-battery-cell-production-emissions-by-material-source-and-production-stage/
McKinsey & Company. "Battery cell production emissions from a nickel-based lithium-ion battery in the United States as of first quarter of 2023, by material source and production stage (in kgCOâ‚‚e per kilowatt-hour)." Chart. March 13, 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 27, 2026. /statistics/1427883/us-total-battery-cell-production-emissions-by-material-source-and-production-stage/
McKinsey & Company. (2023). Battery cell production emissions from a nickel-based lithium-ion battery in the United States as of first quarter of 2023, by material source and production stage (in kgCOâ‚‚e per kilowatt-hour). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 27, 2026. /statistics/1427883/us-total-battery-cell-production-emissions-by-material-source-and-production-stage/
McKinsey & Company. "Battery Cell Production Emissions from a Nickel-based Lithium-ion Battery in The United States as of First Quarter of 2023, by Material Source and Production Stage (in Kgcoâ‚‚e per Kilowatt-hour)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 13 Mar 2023, /statistics/1427883/us-total-battery-cell-production-emissions-by-material-source-and-production-stage/
McKinsey & Company, Battery cell production emissions from a nickel-based lithium-ion battery in the United States as of first quarter of 2023, by material source and production stage (in kgCOâ‚‚e per kilowatt-hour) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1427883/us-total-battery-cell-production-emissions-by-material-source-and-production-stage/ (last visited July 27, 2026)
Battery cell production emissions from a nickel-based lithium-ion battery in the United States as of first quarter of 2023, by material source and production stage (in kgCOâ‚‚e per kilowatt-hour) [Graph], McKinsey & Company, March 13, 2023. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1427883/us-total-battery-cell-production-emissions-by-material-source-and-production-stage/
