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The energy dependency rate of Czechia fluctuated in the observed period depending on the country. In 2023, its dependency on Norway amounted to ** percent. It was followed by Russia and Azerbaijan at **** and *** percent, respectively. 

Natural gas and crude oil imports

Norway's rise to prominence is particularly evident in the natural gas sector, where it exported **** billion kilograms to Czechia in 2023, far outpacing Russia's *** billion. However, Russia maintained its lead in crude oil imports, supplying over *** million metric tons to Czechia, followed by Azerbaijan with nearly * million metric tons. This demonstrates the complex nature of energy dependencies, with different countries dominating various sectors of the energy market.

Diversification of energy sources

Czechia's efforts to diversify its energy sources are evident across multiple sectors. In coal imports, Poland emerged as the leading supplier, exporting over * billion kgs to Czechia in 2023. For electricity, Germany was the primary source, providing more than **** terawatt hours. These diversification efforts have contributed to a long-term trend of increasing energy import dependency for Czechia, rising from percent in 1993 to percent in 2023. This shift underscores the country's evolving energy needs and its integration into the broader European energy market.