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In Turkey, the average annual income was recorded at higher values in the case of men than women each year from 2008 to 2025. However, the gender pay gap fluctuated over time and has been widening. In 2024, men earned nearly ** Turkish lira on average, whereas women made about ** Turkish lira. That indicated a ** percent pay gap between men and women in the country.

Average income varies significantly depending on education level

With high inflation leading to soaring prices and a decline in purchasing power within the country, the Minimum Wage Determination Commission, established by the Turkish government, has taken steps to regulate the minimum wage. As of 2024, the minimum wage was adjusted to * Turkish lira (*** U.S. dollars as of February 6, 2026), increasing by only ** percent compared to the previous year. Meanwhile, education levels continue to play a crucial role in income disparities in Turkey. Individuals with higher education degrees consistently earned the highest average annual income, reaching nearly ** Turkish lira in 2025. In contrast, individuals with no degree earned about ** Turkish lira on average.

Labor force participation and economic inactivity

The average labor force participation rate in Turkey reached **** percent in 2023, with considerable regional variations. That year, Ardahan recorded the highest rate at **** percent, while Siirt had the lowest at **** percent. At the same time, there were a significant number of Turkish people who were not in the workforce in 2023. Over **** million people did not work that year due to being housewives, and nearly *** million were absent due to disability, old age, or illness.