Types of violations according to code Articles:
Article 2.2: Use or attempted use
Article 2.3: Refusing, failing without compelling justification, or evading
Article 2.4: Whereabouts violations
Article 2.5: Tampering or attempted tampering
Article 2.6: Possession
Article 2.7: Trafficking or attempted trafficking
Article 2.8: Administration, attempted administration, or assisting, encouraging, aiding, abetting, covering up, etc.
Article 2.9: Complicity
Article 2.10: Prohibited association
Citation formats
Anti-doping violations made by global athletes in 2020, by type
The World Anti-Doping Agency regulates the use of illegal and performance-enhancing substances in sports. The foundation, initiated by the International Olympic Committee, reported that the most common type of anti-doping rule violation worldwide in 2020 were Article 2.2 violations, which accounted for 45 percent of all anti-doping rule violations that year. Article 2.2 violations refer to the use or attempted use of prohibited substances.
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World Anti-Doping Agency. (May 29, 2023). Share of anti-doping rule violations committed by athletes worldwide in 2020, by type [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 28, 2026, from /statistics/1288291/share-of-sports-doping-violations-by-type-worldwide/
World Anti-Doping Agency. "Share of anti-doping rule violations committed by athletes worldwide in 2020, by type." Chart. May 29, 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 28, 2026. /statistics/1288291/share-of-sports-doping-violations-by-type-worldwide/
World Anti-Doping Agency. (2023). Share of anti-doping rule violations committed by athletes worldwide in 2020, by type. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 28, 2026. /statistics/1288291/share-of-sports-doping-violations-by-type-worldwide/
World Anti-Doping Agency. "Share of Anti-doping Rule Violations Committed by Athletes Worldwide in 2020, by Type." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 29 May 2023, /statistics/1288291/share-of-sports-doping-violations-by-type-worldwide/
World Anti-Doping Agency, Share of anti-doping rule violations committed by athletes worldwide in 2020, by type ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1288291/share-of-sports-doping-violations-by-type-worldwide/ (last visited July 28, 2026)
Share of anti-doping rule violations committed by athletes worldwide in 2020, by type [Graph], World Anti-Doping Agency, May 29, 2023. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1288291/share-of-sports-doping-violations-by-type-worldwide/
