In 2024, highspeed rail in China transported over *** billion passengers, an increase of ** percent compared to 2021.
Declining profits and even losses
High-speed rail (HSR) provides social and economic benefits to cities by facilitating the rapid movement of people and goods. Regarding HSR profitability, the state-owned China Railway Corporation (CRC) has reported an annual operating loss of about ** billion yuan for two consecutive years in 2020 and 2021. Even the Beijing-Shanghai line, China's most profitable high-speed rail line, reported **** percent less net profit in 2021 than in 2019.
COVID-19 outbreak disrupted rail transport
The number of rail passengers in China peaked at **** billion in 2019 before dropping sharply to *** billion in 2020 as the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted travel, such as the suspension of inter-provincial rail travel. Citizens were urged not to travel during the holiday season, especially during Chinese New Year, which was regarded as the biggest human migration taking place event every year. The low passenger volume in Chinese New Year in 2020 went even lower entering 2021 and 2022 with the lingering coronavirus.
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Xinhua News Agency. (January 16, 2025). Total volume of passenger transported by highspeed railways in China from 2008 to 2024 (in billions) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ. Retrieved July 30, 2026, from /statistics/1120071/china-passenger-transport-volume-of-highspeed-rail/
Xinhua News Agency. "Total volume of passenger transported by highspeed railways in China from 2008 to 2024 (in billions)." Chart. January 16, 2025. ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ. Accessed July 30, 2026. /statistics/1120071/china-passenger-transport-volume-of-highspeed-rail/
Xinhua News Agency. (2025). Total volume of passenger transported by highspeed railways in China from 2008 to 2024 (in billions). ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 30, 2026. /statistics/1120071/china-passenger-transport-volume-of-highspeed-rail/
Xinhua News Agency. "Total Volume of Passenger Transported by Highspeed Railways in China from 2008 to 2024 (in Billions)." ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ Inc., 16 Jan 2025, /statistics/1120071/china-passenger-transport-volume-of-highspeed-rail/
Xinhua News Agency, Total volume of passenger transported by highspeed railways in China from 2008 to 2024 (in billions) ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ, /statistics/1120071/china-passenger-transport-volume-of-highspeed-rail/ (last visited July 30, 2026)
Total volume of passenger transported by highspeed railways in China from 2008 to 2024 (in billions) [Graph], Xinhua News Agency, January 16, 2025. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1120071/china-passenger-transport-volume-of-highspeed-rail/