The source adds the following information: "the Index score is a weighted average of the following five standardized city sub-indices: price-to-income and price-to-rent (fundamental valuation), change in mortgage-to-GDP ratio and change in construction-to-GDP ratio (economic distortion) and relative price-city-to-country indicator."
In 2025, Miami was the housing market most at risk, with a real estate bubble index score of ****. Tokyo and Zurich followed close behind with **** and ****, respectively. Any market with an index score of *** or higher was deemed to be a bubble risk zone.
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UBS. (September 23, 2025). Real estate bubble index for selected housing markets worldwide in 2025 [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 21, 2026, from /statistics/1060677/global-real-estate-bubble-risk/
UBS. "Real estate bubble index for selected housing markets worldwide in 2025." Chart. September 23, 2025. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 21, 2026. /statistics/1060677/global-real-estate-bubble-risk/
UBS. (2025). Real estate bubble index for selected housing markets worldwide in 2025. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 21, 2026. /statistics/1060677/global-real-estate-bubble-risk/
UBS. "Real Estate Bubble Index for Selected Housing Markets Worldwide in 2025." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 23 Sep 2025, /statistics/1060677/global-real-estate-bubble-risk/
UBS, Real estate bubble index for selected housing markets worldwide in 2025 ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1060677/global-real-estate-bubble-risk/ (last visited July 21, 2026)
Real estate bubble index for selected housing markets worldwide in 2025 [Graph], UBS, September 23, 2025. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1060677/global-real-estate-bubble-risk/
