In 2023, the expenses for electronic journal purchases of private university libraries in Japan amounted to about billion Japanese yen. The libraries at national universities spent around billion yen on e-journals.
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Japan Library Assocation (JLA). (March 7, 2024). Material costs for online journals of academic libraries in Japan in 2023, by institution (in million Japanese yen) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 28, 2026, from /statistics/710809/japan-e-journal-expenses-of-university-libraries-by-institution/
Japan Library Assocation (JLA). "Material costs for online journals of academic libraries in Japan in 2023, by institution (in million Japanese yen)." Chart. March 7, 2024. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 28, 2026. /statistics/710809/japan-e-journal-expenses-of-university-libraries-by-institution/
Japan Library Assocation (JLA). (2024). Material costs for online journals of academic libraries in Japan in 2023, by institution (in million Japanese yen). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 28, 2026. /statistics/710809/japan-e-journal-expenses-of-university-libraries-by-institution/
Japan Library Assocation (JLA). "Material Costs for Online Journals of Academic Libraries in Japan in 2023, by Institution (in Million Japanese Yen)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 7 Mar 2024, /statistics/710809/japan-e-journal-expenses-of-university-libraries-by-institution/
Japan Library Assocation (JLA), Material costs for online journals of academic libraries in Japan in 2023, by institution (in million Japanese yen) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/710809/japan-e-journal-expenses-of-university-libraries-by-institution/ (last visited July 28, 2026)
Material costs for online journals of academic libraries in Japan in 2023, by institution (in million Japanese yen) [Graph], Japan Library Assocation (JLA), March 7, 2024. [Online]. Available: /statistics/710809/japan-e-journal-expenses-of-university-libraries-by-institution/
