| Characteristic | No diploma or CEP* | BEP, CAP or DNB** | µþ²¹³¦³¦²¹±ô²¹³Ü°ùé²¹³Ù*** | Higher education diploma |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 47.4% | 73.1% | 87.3% | 90.6% |
| 2018 | 39.7% | 65.2% | 80.1% | 86.2% |
| 2017 | 31.3% | 58.9% | 78.5% | 82.9% |
| 2016 | 25.1% | 50.8% | 69.8% | 77.8% |
| 2015 | 25.2% | 52.8% | 72% | 77.8% |
| 2014 | 23.8% | 50.8% | 69.3% | 76.7% |
| 2013 | 21.1% | 43.6% | 59.7% | 70.7% |
| 2012 | 16.2% | 38.7% | 50.7% | 62.1% |
| 2011 | 10.4% | 24.8% | 38.9% | 49.2% |
| 2010 | 4.5% | 27.6% | 42.6% | 42.3% |
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Source
Source
Release date
April 2020
More information
Region
France
Survey time period
2010 to 2019
Age group
15 years and older
Special properties
usage in the last three months
Method of interview
Computer-assisted personal interviews (CAPI)
Supplementary notes
Scope: individuals aged 15 and older, living in an ordinary household in France (including overseas departments and territories).
*CEP (Certificat d'études primaires): diploma awarded at the end of elementary primary education. It was discontinued in 1989.
**BEP (Brevet d'études professionnelles)and CAP (Certificat d'aptitude professionnelle): 2-year programs following lower secondary
school.
DNB (Diplôme national du brevet): national exam taken at the end of lower secondary school.
*** Baccalauréat: diploma taken at the end of the lycée (high school), which is required to pursue studies at the university.
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