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More than 20 years have passed since the attacks of September 11, 2001, and they remain etched in the collective memory. They not only caused material losses worth billions of U.S. dollars, but also nearly fatalities. Additionally, they were especially significant from a historical perspective, marking the beginning of a new era in global politics. More recently, on October 7, 2023, another attack took place that represented a turning point in a conflict that has been ongoing for decades: the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. The terrorist group Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas) then launched surprise incursions from Gaza, killing at least *** young attendees at a peace music festival, including numerous Americans, Canadians, Norwegians, and Germans. The total death toll at the hands of Hamas exceeds ±¹¾±³¦³Ù¾±³¾²õ.Ìý

Religious terrorism

Despite the ongoing fight against jihadism carried out by the United States and its allies, religious terrorism has never disappeared. On the contrary, it has remained watchful and always alert, committing attacks, regenerating, and expanding through new terrorist cells such as, for example, the Boko Haram group, which alone caused the deaths of more than people in Africa in 2019.

Other types of terrorism

Religious terrorism is the most well-known and feared, but it is not the only one. In fact, of the *** failed, foiled, or completed terrorist attacks in the European Union in 2020, less than one-fifth had a religious root. On the contrary, political ideologies, nationalism, ethno-separatism, and drugs are other seeds from which this bloody fruit also grows. Names such as Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA), Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), Shining Path, or the Paraguayan People’s Army (EPP) are just some prominent examples of this secular terrorism.