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This chart shows the average effective tax rate of the middle class and lower middle class in Europe in a selection of countries in 2019. The middle class, that is households with 100 to *** percent of the national median income, is most heavily taxed in Denmark, where it pays an average of ** percent in taxes. In France, the middle class pays taxes equivalent to about ** percent of its income. Regarding the lower middle class, that is households with ** to 100 percent of the national median income, the ranking is similar with the highest rates in Denmark and Germany.

The tax rate indicated here is net of social transfers and corresponds to the tax rate of a household with two adults with income and two children.