Standard loans were the most commonly used financial instrument for renewable energy international public investments. These accounted for some 63 percent of financial commitments in 2023. Grants and concessional loans were two other popular financial instruments.
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ESMAP. (June 25, 2025). Distribution of international public finance flows for renewables worldwide in 2023, by financial instrument [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved August 03, 2026, from /statistics/1474302/international-public-renewable-investment-breakdown-by-financial-instrument/
ESMAP. "Distribution of international public finance flows for renewables worldwide in 2023, by financial instrument." Chart. June 25, 2025. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed August 03, 2026. /statistics/1474302/international-public-renewable-investment-breakdown-by-financial-instrument/
ESMAP. (2025). Distribution of international public finance flows for renewables worldwide in 2023, by financial instrument. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: August 03, 2026. /statistics/1474302/international-public-renewable-investment-breakdown-by-financial-instrument/
ESMAP. "Distribution of International Public Finance Flows for Renewables Worldwide in 2023, by Financial Instrument." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 25 Jun 2025, /statistics/1474302/international-public-renewable-investment-breakdown-by-financial-instrument/
ESMAP, Distribution of international public finance flows for renewables worldwide in 2023, by financial instrument ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1474302/international-public-renewable-investment-breakdown-by-financial-instrument/ (last visited August 03, 2026)
Distribution of international public finance flows for renewables worldwide in 2023, by financial instrument [Graph], ESMAP, June 25, 2025. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1474302/international-public-renewable-investment-breakdown-by-financial-instrument/
