The IMD Smart City Index measures existing infrastructure and technological services available in each city in the areas of health and safety; mobility; activities; opportunities; and governance. The final score is calculated through weighted survey scores for each city for the last three years and are further categorized based on the Global Data Lab's Human Development Index (HDI) indicators.
In 2023, Busan climbed down to **** in rankings among smart cities worldwide according to multiple indicators covering existing infrastructure, technological services, and categories under the Human Development Index (HDI). The South Korean coastal city had been ** ranks higher just three years prior.
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IMD Business School. (April 15, 2023). Global smart city index ranking for Busan, South Korea, from 2019 to 2023 [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved August 03, 2026, from /statistics/1456053/south-korea-busan-hdi-smart-city-index-worldwide/
IMD Business School. "Global smart city index ranking for Busan, South Korea, from 2019 to 2023." Chart. April 15, 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed August 03, 2026. /statistics/1456053/south-korea-busan-hdi-smart-city-index-worldwide/
IMD Business School. (2023). Global smart city index ranking for Busan, South Korea, from 2019 to 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: August 03, 2026. /statistics/1456053/south-korea-busan-hdi-smart-city-index-worldwide/
IMD Business School. "Global Smart City Index Ranking for Busan, South Korea, from 2019 to 2023." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 15 Apr 2023, /statistics/1456053/south-korea-busan-hdi-smart-city-index-worldwide/
IMD Business School, Global smart city index ranking for Busan, South Korea, from 2019 to 2023 ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1456053/south-korea-busan-hdi-smart-city-index-worldwide/ (last visited August 03, 2026)
Global smart city index ranking for Busan, South Korea, from 2019 to 2023 [Graph], IMD Business School, April 15, 2023. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1456053/south-korea-busan-hdi-smart-city-index-worldwide/
