Low income countries are defined by the source as countries with a 2015 gross national income (GNI) per capita of 1,025 U.S. dollars or less.
Middle income countries are defined by the source as countries with a 2015 GNI per capita of between 1,026 and 12,475 U.S. dollars.
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Corporate bonds issued in developing economies by region 2019-2020
The total value of corporate bonds issued by low and middle income countries increased to billion U.S. dollars in 2020, up from billion in the preceding year. Chinese companies accounted for a large percentage of the bonds issued in both years -71.6 billion U.S. dollars in 2019, and billion U.S. dollars in 2020. China's share was far greater than any other single actor, even when aggregated at the regional level.
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World Bank. (October 11, 2021). Total value of corporate bonds issued in low and middle income countries in 2019 and 2020, by region (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 14, 2026, from /statistics/1083770/external-corporate-bonds-issued-developing-economies-region/
World Bank. "Total value of corporate bonds issued in low and middle income countries in 2019 and 2020, by region (in billion U.S. dollars)." Chart. October 11, 2021. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 14, 2026. /statistics/1083770/external-corporate-bonds-issued-developing-economies-region/
World Bank. (2021). Total value of corporate bonds issued in low and middle income countries in 2019 and 2020, by region (in billion U.S. dollars). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 14, 2026. /statistics/1083770/external-corporate-bonds-issued-developing-economies-region/
World Bank. "Total Value of Corporate Bonds Issued in Low and Middle Income Countries in 2019 and 2020, by Region (in Billion U.S. Dollars)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 11 Oct 2021, /statistics/1083770/external-corporate-bonds-issued-developing-economies-region/
World Bank, Total value of corporate bonds issued in low and middle income countries in 2019 and 2020, by region (in billion U.S. dollars) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1083770/external-corporate-bonds-issued-developing-economies-region/ (last visited July 14, 2026)
Total value of corporate bonds issued in low and middle income countries in 2019 and 2020, by region (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph], World Bank, October 11, 2021. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1083770/external-corporate-bonds-issued-developing-economies-region/
