External debt is a part of total national debt and it is owned to the creditors outside of the country.
External debt to gross domestic income (GNI) reveals a degree of nation's indebtedness and therefore, its creditworthiness to investors.
Low income countries are defined by the source as countries with a 2015 GNI per capita of 1,025 U.S. dollars or less.
Middle income countries are defined by the source as countries with a 2015 GNI per capita of between 1,026 and 12,475 U.S. dollars.
To obtain data choose the relevant income level from the drop down box.
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External debt stocks to GNI in developing economies 2012-2022
The proportion of external debt stocks to gross national income (GNI) in low income countries decreased slightly to ** percent in 2022, following 10 years of continuous growth. In middle income countries, the debt to GNI level remained the same as in the previous year.
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World Bank. (March 2, 2024). External debt stocks to gross national income (GNI) in developing countries from 2012 to 2022, by income level [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 20, 2026, from /statistics/1083664/external-debt-stocks-gni-developing-economies/
World Bank. "External debt stocks to gross national income (GNI) in developing countries from 2012 to 2022, by income level." Chart. March 2, 2024. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 20, 2026. /statistics/1083664/external-debt-stocks-gni-developing-economies/
World Bank. (2024). External debt stocks to gross national income (GNI) in developing countries from 2012 to 2022, by income level. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 20, 2026. /statistics/1083664/external-debt-stocks-gni-developing-economies/
World Bank. "External Debt Stocks to Gross National Income (Gni) in Developing Countries from 2012 to 2022, by Income Level." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 2 Mar 2024, /statistics/1083664/external-debt-stocks-gni-developing-economies/
World Bank, External debt stocks to gross national income (GNI) in developing countries from 2012 to 2022, by income level ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1083664/external-debt-stocks-gni-developing-economies/ (last visited July 20, 2026)
External debt stocks to gross national income (GNI) in developing countries from 2012 to 2022, by income level [Graph], World Bank, March 2, 2024. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1083664/external-debt-stocks-gni-developing-economies/
