State of the Mediterranean 2025

��ƽ�� overview report on the impact of human activity on the resilience and sustainability of the Mediterranean Sea

Throughout its 2.5 million square kilometers, the Mediterranean Sea hosts 11 percent of the global marine species catalog. From its broad biodiversity, around 20 to 30 percent are endemic. Such richness makes the Mediterranean a rich well of resources and diversity. Unfortunately, human activities are endangering marine ecosystems in the region, impacting the biological and economic value of the sea.

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��ƽ�� is proud to publish the State of the Mediterranean report in cooperation with the and . The German Ocean Foundation is a non-profit organisation that aims to act as a moderator in the dialogue between policy-makers, industries such as energy, fisheries, and tourism, as well as fields such as conservation, science, and education. The think tank Europe Jacques Delors is dedicated to research on sustainable development and European policy.This report, takes stock of current trends, emerging risks, and the collective efforts shaping the Mediterranean Sea’s future. The global counterpart report is available here.

Content

The Mediterranean: A species hotspot

The Mediterranean in numbers
Biodiversity
Endemic species
The economic value

The Mediterranean economy

Tourism
Fishing and aquaculture
Maritime trade
Fossil fuel relevance
Potential for renewables
Submarine cable networks

Environmental challenges

Biodiversity in danger
Overfishing
Non-indigenous species
Plastic and oil pollution
Noise pollution

Climate change

Rising temperatures
Drought risk
Sea level rise
Ocean acidification

Conservation efforts and sustainability

The Mediterranean Action Plan
The Barcelona Convention
Marine protected areas
Sustainable tourism
Initiatives for better fishing practices
Projects to reduce pollution

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