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Luxembourg is by far the European country which had the largest stock of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) when compared with their gross domestic product (GDP). The stock of inward FDI in the small Western European country was worth over 12 Ìý³Ù¾±³¾±ð²õ the country's annual GDP, reflecting the complete reliance of Luxembourg on foreign investors and companies. Luxembourg has become a hub of intra-European investment due to its strategic position as a center of EU administration and politics, its low corporation tax rates, and its relatively relaxed foreign investment regulations.

Similarly, the Netherlands and Ireland have become hubs for foreign investment due to their more liberal investment regulations, with these countries having inward FDI stocks worth over two times their GDP. Conversely, Turkey and Italy had inward FDI stocks worth less than a quarter of their GDP.