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In 2021, the Indonesian government proposed over 172 thousand hectares in Papua for food estate development. President Joko Widodo launched the food estate program to develop vast agricultural land for crop production, mainly focusing on rice. Undertaken by the Ministry of Defense, the initiative aims to enhance Indonesia's food security amid global food crisis issues. However, environmental concerns have recently arisen as some proposed areas have unclear map locations and overlap with protected peatlands or existing forestry concession areas.