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Poverty in China

Is China Tackling Poverty?

The Chinese government has repeatedly said that it has since Xi Jinping took office in 2012. While there is solid data to support this claim, it might be time to start applying a new measure of poverty in China in the light of the country’s rapid economic and social development.

According to the only 0.6 percent of the Chinese population lived below the country’s official poverty line of having less than $2.30 at their disposal per day. In 2012, that number was still at 10.2 percent – or around 120 million people higher. Yet, China’s official poverty line is only a little higher than the World Bank universal global poverty line of living off $1.90 per day - despite the fact that China has been classified as an upper-middle income country since 2015.

to the country, almost a quarter of Chinese still lived in poverty in 2016. This rate is in line with the average for upper-middle income countries, which has sunk to around 20 percent by 2019.

No matter what metric is applied, China’s progress in tackling poverty is nevertheless apparent. In the year 2000, around half of Chinese, more than 600 million, still lived below the national poverty line. Nearly all Chinese lived below the poverty line for upper-middle income countries as recently as 1990.

Description

This chart shows the share of people living under the national and upper-middle income poverty lines in China (in percent).

Per capita gross domestic product (GDP) in China 2025, by region
Premium statistics
Import of trade goods from China to the U.S. 1985-2025
Gross domestic product (GDP) of China 1985-2030
U.S. poverty rate 1990-2024
Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in China 1985-2030
Poverty rate by gender in Latin American countries 2024

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